
******************  The Rural-Urban Cleavage in the US: Stability and Sudden Change *************
******************* Replication Files ************

This replication file includes the coded data and do-files to replicate all analyses, tables and figures reported in the article. We also share the dofiles that were used to code the raw ANES, CES and GSS data.

Before replication, set up a folder on your own devise that is named "Harvard Dataverse replication". In that folder, create the following four subfolders:
- Data
- R Coding and Analysis for Figure F1
- Stata dofile
- Tables and Figures (this folder should include subfolders 'Tables' and 'Figures')


**** 1/'Data' folder:
- ANESCCES-coded.dta: This is the fully coded data that is used for the analyses of ANES and CES data that are reported in the paper.
- GSS-coded.dta: This is the fully coded data that is used for the analyses of GSS data that are reported in the paper.
- CES_cumulative_after_coding.csv: A coded CES file that is used for the analyses of midterm elections that is reported in the supplementary materials.

Note that as you run the dofile, more datasets will be saved in the Data folder.


**** 2/'R Coding and Analysis for Figure F1' folder:
This folder includes all codes and files necessary for the text analysis reported in Appendix F. The folder includes the following subfolders:
_data
_dictionnary
_code
Read_Me.txt
rural_cleavage_us.Rproj

**** 3/'Stata dofiles' folder:
This folder includes the following Stata dofiles:
- Analyses.do: Main dofile for replicating all analyses reported in the manuscript and supplementary materials (with the exception of Appendix F).
- Data_Coding_ANESCES.do: Do-file that was used to create the ANESCCES-coded.dta data file.
- Data_Coding_GSS.do: Do-file that was used to create the GSS-coded.dta data file.

**** 4/ Tables and Figures
An empty folder with empty subfolders 'Tables' and 'Figures'. These folders will be populated as you run the Analyses.do file.


*** Citation****
Valentin Pautonnier, Ruth Dassonneville, Michael S. Lewis-Beck, Richard Nadeau,
The rural-urban cleavage in US presidential elections: Stability and sudden change,
Electoral Studies,
Volume 99,
2026,
103019,
ISSN 0261-3794,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2025.103019.
